Modern Heavy Metal:
Markets, Practices and Cultures

International Academic Research Conference, June 8–12, 2015, Helsinki, Finland
PROCEEDINGS

Edited by
Toni-Matti Karjalainen (Aalto University) and Kimi Kärki (University of Turku)

IIPC Publication Series 6 (Helsinki: Aalto University & Turku: International Institute for Popular Culture, 2015).

Also available in print from Aalto University (Aalto University publication series, Crossover 4/2015). For print copies, contact toni-matti.karjalainen(at)aalto.fi

ISSN 1797-318X (online)
ISBN 978-951-29-6174-0 (PDF)

ISSN 1799-4977 (printed)
ISBN 978-952-60-6217-4 (printed)

This collection has been peer-reviewed

Contents

MHM FOREWORD

TONI-MATTI KARJALAINEN

A WORD OF WELCOME FROM ISMMS

NIALL W. SCOTT

EDITORIAL

TONI-MATTI KARJALAINEN & KIMI KÄRKI

KEYNOTES

UNEXPECTED METAL HEADS

ALEX SKOLNICK

METAL’S THIRD WAVE IN THE ERA OF POST-GLOBALIZATION

DEENA WEINSTEIN

TRACE ELEMENTS, LEAD, STEEL, TITANIUM: WHO INVENTED HEAVY METAL?

MARTIN POPOFF

HEAVY METAL MUSIC ANALYSIS FOR NON-MUSOS

ESA LILJA

THE DEVIL’S MUSIC
KENNET GRANHOLM

“METAL INTELLIGENTSIA ASSEMBLES IN HELSINKI”
TONI-MATTI KARJALAINEN


SESSION 1: HEAVY METAL FANS AND COMMUNITY

ESCAPE TO MAYHEM? TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF ATTENDEES’ MOTIVATIONS AT A HEAVY METAL FESTIVAL

CAITLIN ELLIOTT & PAUL BARRON

HEAVY METAL: A GENRE FOR ALL AND NONE

ROBERTO FERNÁNDEZ MORALES

THE FORMING OF A METALHEAD: CONSTRUCTING A SUBCULTURAL IDENTITY

ANNA BAKA

METALHEADS CHARACTERISTICS: SOME STATISTICS FROM THE MAIN FRENCH METAL EVENT (HELLFEST)

CHRISTOPHE GUIBERT & GÉRÔME GUIBERT

SESSION 2: POLITICS, POWER, AND SOCIAL PROCESSES IN HEAVY METAL

THE ROLE OF LOUD POPULAR MUSIC IN REVOLUTIONARY SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PROCESSES:
SOME INITIAL CONCEPTUAL IDEAS

HISKI HAUKKALA

CLASSROOM: HEAVY METAL CONCERT – AN AREA OF EXCESS OR A PLACE OF LEARNING?

ANDRÉ EPP

RADICALIZING THE RESISTANCE: THE REPRESENTATION OF POLITICAL IDENTITIES IN THE HEAVY METAL COMMUNITY OF PUERTO RICO VIA THE PRODUCTION OF RADIO SHOWS
FRANK AQUINO-RUIZ

POWER IN HEAVY METAL: A POSITIVE EVALUATION
BAYRAM J. GASCOT-HERNÁNDEZ


SESSION 3: NATIONAL IDENTITY, HISTORY & CULTURAL ROOTS IN HEAVY METAL

‘YOURS IS THE EARTH AND EVERYTHING THAT’S IN IT’:
MYTHS AND NARRATIVES OF BRITISHNESS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF IRON MAIDEN

KARL SPRACKLEN

THE PERCEPTION OF THE MIDDLE AGES WITHIN GERMAN “MITTELALTER METAL” – A MEDIEVALIST’S VIEW

JENNIFER VANESSA DOBSCHENZKI

GLOBAL NOISE, LOCAL LANGUAGE: A SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL APROACH OF LANGUAGE AUTHENTICITY IN FRENCH METAL

MICHAEL SPANU

FORGING METAL: THE KALEVALA IN THE FINNISH HEAVY METAL PERFORMACE

KIMI KÄRKI

SESSION 4: VISUAL CULTURE OF HEAVY METAL

BATTLE JACKETS, CRAFT AND FOLK CULTURE: RESEARCH THROUGH CREATIVE PRACTICE

TOM HELYAR-CARDWELL

FROM SHAMANS TO CYBORGS: THE USE OF MASKS AND SHADOW IN BRANDING HEAVY METAL

BRIAN HICKAM

”BY THE CAKE OF THE DARK LORD!” METAL CULTURES IN THREE NORDIC COMICS

RIKKE PLATZ CORTSEN

THE METAL T-SHIRT: TRANSMEDIA STORYTELLING IN PRODUCTS

ARILD BERG, TORE GULDEN, VIKTOR HIORT AF ORNÄS,

NENAD PAVEL & VIBEKE SJØVOLL

SESSION 5: GLOBAL HEAVY METAL

METAL IDENTITIES IN TUNISIA: LOCALITY, ISLAM, REVOLUTION

STEFANO BARONE

HEAVY METAL NOTHINGNESS: ALLURING FOREIGNNESS AND AUTHENTICITY CONSTRUCTION
IN EARLY 2010S MALAYSIAN METAL

MARCO FERRARESE

THE OTHERING OF BOTSWANAN METAL

BILL MCGRATH

FORMATION, INDUSTRIES, AND IDENTITIES: OBSERVATIONS ON EXTREME METAL IN MAINLAND CHINA 2000-2013

YUAN WANG

HEAVY METAL FROM THE ANTARCTIC ENDS OF THE EARTH: INVESTIGATING THE METAL MUSIC IDENTITY FROM INVERCARGILL, SOUTHLAND, NEW ZEALAND

DOUGLAS HEATH

SESSION 6: HEAVY METAL AND GENDER ISSUES

USING WOMEN’S LISTENING PLEASURE TO CHALLENGE THE NOTION OF HARD ROCK AND METAL AS ‘MASCULINE’ MUSIC

ROSEMARY LUCY HILL

TRANSCENDING THE FORM, ADVANCING THE NORM: QUEER POST-STRUCTURALISM IN POST-METAL

LAURA WRIGHT

THE ONES YOU SERVE: BDSM, INDUSTRIAL METAL, AND THE MACHINE

AMBER R. CLIFFORD-NAPOLEONE

SENSUOUS ENTANGLEMENTS, ASSEMBLAGES AND CONVERGENCES:
EXTREME METAL SCENES AS ‘SENSORY COMMUNITIES’

GABBY RICHES

SESSION 7: RACE AND ETHNICITY IN HEAVY METAL

RECOLORING THE METAL MAP: METAL AND RACE IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE

ESTHER CLINTON & JEREMY WALLACH

TALK SHIT, GET SHOT: BODY COUNT, BLACK MASCULINITY, AND METAL MUSIC CULTURE

KEVIN FELLEZS

ETHNICITY, POLITICS AND OTHERNESS IN CARIBBEAN HEAVY METAL MUSIC: EXPERIENCES FROM PUERTO RICO, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AND CUBA

NELSON VARAS-DÍAZ & SIGRID MENDOZA

BEER, BLOKES AND BRUTALITY: WHITENESS AND BANAL NATIONALISM IN AUSTRALIAN EXTREME METAL SCENES

CATHERINE HOAD

SESSION 8: HEAVY METAL HISTORY AND SUB-GENRES

EXTREMITY REFRAMED: EXHUMING DEATH METAL'S ANALOG ORIGINS

JASON NETHERTON

HAIR METAL AND AUTHENTICITY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY HEAVY METAL CANON WARS

JOHN MCCOMBE

‘LIPSTICK AND LEATHER’: RECONTEXTUALIZATIONS OF GLAM METAL’S STYLE AND SIGNIFICATION

JENNA KUMMER

DIGGING THE ROOTS OF MODERN HEAVY METAL: ROCKERS AND MODS AS MUSIC RELATED SUBCULTURES OF CONSUMPTION

TONI RYYNÄNEN & VISA HEINONEN

SESSION 9: HEAVY METAL AND PHILOSOPHY

DOOM VALUES: DECELERATION PROMOTING A PHILOSOPHY OF PROGRESSION THROUGH OPPOSITES
NIALL SCOTT & TOM O’BOYLE

EXPERIENCE, PRACTICE, WRITING: A METHODOLOGICAL OUTLINE OF DRONE METAL RESEARCH
OWEN COGGINS

AUTHENTIC HEAVY METAL AND CONTEXTUAL AESTHETICS
DANIEL FRANDSEN

THE SOUNDS OF METAL: A PROPOSAL FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF EXTREME METAL AS MUSIC
CYNTHIA M. GRUND


SESSION 10: HEAVY METAL MUSIC ANALYSES

HEAVY METAL VOCALS: A TERMINOLOGY COMPENDIUM

SUSANNA MESIÄ & PAOLO RIBALDINI

DEALING WITH THE 3^RD: ANATOMY OF DISTORTED CHORDS AND
SUBSEQUENT COMPOSITIONAL FEATURES OF CLASSIC HEAVY METAL

ESA LILJA

THE GROOVE OF HARD ROCK AND HEAVY METAL

KRISTIAN WAHLSTRÖM

TERMINALLY CLIMACTIC FORMS IN HEAVY METAL MUSIC
GARRETT SCHUMANN

SESSION 11: HEAVY METAL SCENES AND GENRES RETHOUGHT AND TRANSFORMED

THE SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METAL AND HARDCORE IN THE 21^ST CENTURY

LEWIS KENNEDY

LANDFILL METAL: THE IRONIES OF MEDIOCRITY

KEITH KAHN-HARRIS

METAL MOVEMENTS: HEADBANGING AS A LEGACY OF AFRICAN AMERICAN DANCE

STEPHEN HUDSON

“METAL FOR THE MASSES”: OR, WILL METAL EVER BE MAINSTREAM AGAIN? (AND WHY WE SHOULD WANT IT TO BE...)

ANDY R. BROWN

SESSION 12: HEAVY METAL, RELIGION, AND BLACK SYMBOLS

INNOVATION AND STANDARDIZATION IN CHRISTIAN METALCORE:
THE CULTURAL INFLUENCES OF CHURCH AND MARKET

IBRAHIM ABRAHAM

WHEN MARDUK READ ROMANS: BIBLICAL TEXTS AS A HERMENEUTIC IN HEAVY METAL, HEAVY METAL AS BIBLICAL EXEGESIS

CHARLOTTE NAYLOR DAVIS

WHAT IS BLACK IN BLACK METAL? ELUCIDATING THE DARKNESS IN ALBUM COVERS THRUGH PANOFSKY’S PICTURE ANALYSIS

TORE GULDEN, VIBEKE SJØVOLL, ARILD BERG & VIKTOR HJORT AF ORNÄS

CONTROVERSIAL METAL AND CONTROVERSIAL RELIGION: THEORISING THE CONNECTIONS

TITUS HJELM

SESSION 13: HEAVY METAL BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIES

HORNS UP, PETER PAN! NARRATING MODERN METAL ROCKUMENTARIES

LAURA NIEBLING

UNIQUE ROOTS OF FINNISH METAL?
NATIONALITY AND COMMERCIALITY IN THE HISTORY OF FINNISH METAL

EERO SIPILÄ

THE IMPACT OF A LOCAL COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE ON NEW VENTURE
INTERNATIONALIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE FINNISH HEAVY METAL MUSIC SCENE

LAURA LAAKSONEN

MARKET DEVELOPMENT USING COMMUNITY SHARED VALUES:
THE STORY OF BURGERKILL

FELENCIA HUTABARAT & IMAN RAHMAN ANGGAWIRIA KUSUMAH

SESSION 14: HEAVY METAL SOUNDS AND LYRICS

“NO FAN OF COPY/PASTE MUSIC”:
HARDCORE, NOSTALGIA AND MUSIC PRODUCTION IN OFF-MODERN METAL

TORE TVARNØ LIND

KENTUCKY: SOUND, ENVIRONMENT, HISTORY –
BLACK METAL AND APPALACHIAN COAL CULTURE

OLIVIA LUCAS

THIS IS NOW… KIERKEGAARDIAN MOMENTS IN THE LYRICS OF HATEBREED

JOHNNY HARBOE

METAL AND GOTHIC LITERATURE: EXAMINING THE DARKER SIDE OF LIFE (AND DEATH)

BRYAN A. BARDINE

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Please mention the bibliographic information when referring to this book: Modern Heavy Metal: Markets, Practices and Cultures. Edited by Toni-Matti Karjalainen & Kimi Kärki. Helsinki: Aalto University & Turku: International Institute for Popular Culture, 2015. (Available as an e-Book at http://iipcblog.wordpress.com/publications/).